Carcinoma de los ductos colectores de bellini: presentación de un caso clínico y revisión del diagnóstico diferencial / Collecting (bellini) duct carcinoma: a case presentation

Collecting (Bellini) duct carcinoma (CDC) is a rare and very aggressive variant of renal cell carcinoma. Objectives: To describe the radiological findings of a CDC case and to determine its differential diagnosis. Basic procedures: Review the published works regarding this tumor and compare the radiological findings of our case with those of other described cases. Most important findings: CDCs are well-defined tumors with a high hemorrhagic component, limited internal enhancement and nodal metastases. In the differential diagnosis, if the lesion presents an exophytic growth it should include papillary carcinoma, mainly the sarcomatoid variant and the complex benign lesions (complex cysts or hydatids). However, if the lesion combines an infiltrating pattern, other lesions such as medullary carcinoma or lymphoma will be taken into account. Main conclusions: In the presence of solid-cystic hypovascular lesions and regional lymphadenopathy, CDC must be included in the differential diagnosis.

El carcinoma de las células colectoras de Bellini (CCB), es una variante rara y muy agresiva del carcinoma de células renales. Objetivos: Describir los hallazgos radiológicos de un caso de CCB y determinar su diagnóstico diferencial. Procedimientos básicos: Revisión de los trabajos publicados sobre este tumor y comparar los hallazgos radiológicos de nuestro caso con los de otros casos descritos. Hallazgos más importantes: Los CCB son tumores bien delimitados con alto componente hemorrágico, escaso realce interno y metástasis ganglionares. En el diagnóstico diferencial si la lesión presenta un crecimiento exofítico debería incluirse el carcinoma papilar, fundamentalmente la variante sarcomatoide y las lesiones benignas complejas (quistes complejos o hidatídicos). En cambio, si la lesión asocia un patrón infiltrante se tendrán en cuenta otras lesiones como el carcinoma medular o el linfoma. Conclusiones principales: En presencia de lesiones sólido-quísticas hipovasculares y adenopatías regionales debe incluirse el CCB en el diagnóstico diferencial.

Control de calidad del cribado prenatal de aneuploidías. Control epidemiológico y control de calidad de la medición de la translucencia nucal: resultados de un hospital de tercer nivel durante un periodo de 3 años / Quality assurance in prenatal screening for aneuploidies. epidemiologic assessment and quality control in nuchal translucency measurements: Results in a tertiary hospital over a 3-year period

El cribado combinado temprano es el método actual de cribado más efectivo en la detección del síndrome de Down. Un aspecto esencial e imprescindible es su control de calidad. En este estudio hemos pretendido evaluar de forma retrospectiva el rendimiento del screening en nuestro hospital entre abril de 2010 y abril de 2013. Hemos obtenido una tasa de detección para síndrome de Down de un 84,21% para una tasa de falsos positivos del 2,66%. Seguidamente hemos evaluado la calidad de nuestras mediciones de la TN utilizando las medianas de los MoM, con una clara tendencia a la infraestimación. Tan solo el 30,4% de los ecografistas presentaban medianas de los MoM de la TN entre 0,9 y 1,1. Nuestra tasa de detección y tasa de falsos positivos se encuentran por debajo de los estándares marcados por la Fetal Medicine Foundation, y la causa se encuentra en la infraestimación de la TN. Sin embargo, sí se observa una tendencia a la mejora en la calidad a lo largo de los años y nuestros resultados son acordes con los de otras publicaciones. La conclusión que podemos extraer es la importancia de que cada centro lleve a cabo controles de calidad de forma periódica. Es esencial la formación y evaluación individual de los ecografistas para poder intervenir en caso de desviaciones importantes

Effective screening for Down syndrome can be provided in the first trimester of pregnancy. Quality assurance is an essential aspect of this first-trimester screening. The objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of first-trimester screening in our hospital from April 2010 through April 2013. We obtained an 84.21% detection rate for Down syndrome for a false positive rate of 2.66%. Subsequently, we evaluated the quality of our NT measurements by using the median nuchal translucency multiples of the median (MoM) and found systematic underestimation of NT. Only 30.4% of the sonographers reported median nuchal translucency MoM between 0.9 and 1.1. Our detection rate and false-positive rate were below the standards described by the Fetal Medicine Foundation. The cause was NT underestimation. Nevertheless, we observed a trend toward an improvement in the quality of NT measurements during the 3-year period. Our results are similar to those of other publications. The results of our study show the importance of quality assurance. Training and continual monitoring of data from individual sonographers are needed to ensure that measurements do not deviate

Diagnóstico prenatal de tumor de células de la granulosa de tipo juvenil / Prenatal diagnosis of juvenile granulosa cell tumor

Presentamos un caso clínico de diagnóstico prenatal de una masa testicular. Tras el nacimiento, se realizó la exéresis del tumor y el análisis anatomopatológico determinó que se trataba de un tumor de células de la granulosa juvenil. Los tumores testiculares son raros y deben considerarse en el diagnóstico diferencial de las masas escrotales en los neonatos. El tumor de células de la granulosa juvenil es una entidad clínico-patológica poco frecuente, que representa el 5% de los tumores testiculares prepuberales. Se considera una neoplasia benigna y la orquiectomía es una técnica quirúrgica curativa.

We report a case of a prenatally diagnosed testis tumor. After delivery, it was decided to perform right radical orchiectomy which was subsequently diagnosed as a juvenile granulosa cell tumor. Neonatal testicular tumors are rare and should be considered in the differential diagnosis of newborn scrotal masses. Juvenile granulosa cell tumor is a rare benign neoplasm of the testicular stroma that accounts for 5% of all prepuberal testis tumors. As a benign neoplasm, orchiectomy is sufficient for treatment.

[Negative results associated with medication in the emergency department of a hospital]. / Resultados negativos asociados con la medicación en un servicio de urgencias hospitalario.

OBJECTIVE: To find out the prevalence of negative results associated with medication (herein referred to as NRM) in patients attending the emergency department. To classify the results by severity, avoidability and cost, as well as to establish the factors associated with their appearance. METHOD: Observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study carried out in the emergency department of a tertiary hospital. Patient surveys and emergency department records were used as sources of information. The Dader Method and guidelines from the Third Consensus of Granada were used. Pearson's chi2 test was used to find the association between age, gender and number of drugs and showing signs of NRM. Avoidability was measured using Baena et al's criteria and severity was assessed according to whether or not the patient had been admitted into an observation stall or on to a hospital ward. RESULTS: 24.4% of patients visited the emergency department because of NRM. 16.1% needed to be hospitalised to solve their health issue. 83.9% of all patients with NRM and 77.3% of those hospitalised due to NRM could have been avoided. Statistically, there was a higher prevalence of NRM in patients taking 5 or more different drugs. An estimated euro 14,666,178 was spent on treating avoidable NRM cases in 2003. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of NRM in those who attended the emergency department, the high percentage of avoidability and the cost imposed on the Health Service seem to sufficiently argue a case for the consideration that NRM as a problem which requires the implementation of prevention programmes based on drug-treatment monitoring.

Inserción velamentosa de cordón umbilical y rotura de un vaso previo con evolución neonatal favorable / Velamentous umbilical cord insertion and laceration of a vasa previa with favorable perinatal outcome

La presencia de un vaso previo es una variante anatómica poco frecuente. La rotura de un vaso previo se asocia a una alta tasa de mortalidad fetal que oscila entre el 58 y el 100% de los casos. En nuestro centro se ha producido recientemente un caso de exanguinación fetal debida a la laceración de un vaso previo de una inserción velamentosa de cordón umbilical sin diagnosticar. A pesar de que la evolución del neonato ha sido favorable, se considera la necesidad del diagnóstico precoz y la finalización de la gestación de forma programada, mediante una cesárea, para evitar este dramático suceso (AU)

Vasa previa is an unusual anatomical variant. Rupture of a vasa previa is associated with a high rate of fetal mortality oscillating between 58% and 100% of cases. We report a recent case of fetal exsanguination that occurred in our hospital due to vasa previa laceration of an undiagnosed velamentous umbilical cord insertion. Although neonatal outcome was favorable, we stress the need for early diagnosis and cesarian section to avoid this dramatic event (AU)

Inserción velamentosa de cordón umbilical y rotura de un vaso previo con evolución neonatal favorable / Velamentous umbilical cord insertion and laceration of a vasa previa with favorable perinatal outcome

La presencia de un vaso previo es una variante anatómica poco frecuente. La rotura de un vaso previo se asocia a una alta tasa de mortalidad fetal, que oscila entre el 58 y el 100% de los casos. En nuestro centro, se ha producido recientemente un caso de exanguinación fetal debida a la laceración de un vaso previo de una inserción velamentosa de cordón umbilical sin diagnosticar. A pesar de que la evolución del neonato ha sido favorable, se considera la necesidad del diagnóstico precoz y la finalización de la gestación de forma programada, mediante una cesárea, para evitar este dramático suceso (AU)

Vasa previa is an unusual anatomical variant. Rupture of a vasa previa is associated with a high rate of fetal mortality oscillating between 58 and 100% of cases. We report a recent case of fetal exsanguination that occurred in our hospital due to vasa previa laceration of an undiagnosed velamentous umbilical cord insertion. Although neonatal outcome was favorable, we stress the need for early diagnosis and cesarian section to avoid this dramatic event (AU)

Serous cystadenoma of borderline malignancy arising in a parovarian paramesonephric cyst.

BACKGROUND: Borderline parovarian tumors are found incidentally at surgery or autopsy. They are extremely rare. The majority have been reported in young women and rarely are they large enough to be clinically significant. CASE: A 53-year-old multiparous female with a symptomatic paraovarian serous borderline cystadenoma is presented. DISCUSSION: The clinical aspects and subsequent management of related cases are discussed.